This was becoming a daily driver after years of storage and I NEEDED that CRT to work! We are largest vintage car website with the. 1989 Buick Riviera 3.8 V6 from North America Summary: A sci-fi headturner of a car Faults: Touch screen unit CRT went out. 5.7 l 6.02 us quarts / filt Gmc Buick Cadillac Murfreesboro Tn . When my CRT touch screen went out, I found a Guy on Ebay that rebuilds the touch screens. It is a mix be . Best offers usually indicate some wiggle room on price, so a $9,500 sale would seem like a potential sweet spot to go home with a reliable, classic coupe that will provide years of trouble-free motoring. Not too many on the road at present. I called to tell them of this, and the lady on the other end just seemed annoyed. Maybe that retired gentleman who works on them is waiting for them to fix a heart for his transplant. After scraping. Every Riviera came with a 9-inch touch screen, equipped with the Graphic Control Center infotainment system. I still have full funtion i just can't see anything. Gasoline Car for Sale in Online Auto Auction. I used to be in that business, and I can't seem to repair the one's I've got bad. Douglas Hall SPONSORED LINKS Do you have the same problem? Designed using state-of-the-art technology and with customers in mind. These displays were actually made by ZENITH. It was great interior. The whole process from start to finish took 1-1.5 hours. The 89 Riviera is one of the best vehicle I owned since 1997. Why pay premium price for a Rivera for the same look. The 1986 Buick Riviera had a touchscreen Graphic Control Center (GCC) as standard equipment, or to be more specific, a CRT screen covered with an invisible Mylar switch panel that utilized transparent conductors. Free shipping on selected items. As if that wasn't retro. Behind the Reatta's placid exterior, however, lay a ferocious internal battle that also gave birth to the Cadillac Allant, ended the four-decade dominance of the once-mighty GM Design Staff and set the stage for the decline of GM itself. Sole powertrain was general motors' 165-horsepower 3. Anything but a V8 seemed to miss the point of the swoopy coupe, and despite being re-designed and lengthened by 11 inches, the refreshed Riviera entered a sales decline shortly after strong first-year sales in 1989. A retro review shared online by MotorWeek offers us an in-depth look at the display. Still, it will provide decent power and years of reliable running at such low mileage. It certainly did and one has been found in the junkyard. It will meet your. I pulled the unit out and took it to a friend of mine who has been repairing electronic stuff for years. But, there are a lot of creases in the drivers seat for only having 14K miles. How hard could it be? If youre going to buy one, you may as well buy the best. Other Manuals 2 Pages. The actual display CRT is bad. Used 2012 buick lacrosse touring with fwd, luxury package, touring package, driver confidence package, remote Napleton Pontiac Gmc Buick Schaumburg . You need to be a member in order to leave a comment. only problem is the touch screen comes on whenever it feels like . After a brief time on hold they said that they'd found it and that they would call me when it was done. He asked me the problem with the CRT and I explained it again and he said, ?Oh, that is a touch screen problem, not a CRT problem and we don?t fix touch screens.? At the same time, in a Delco Systems factory in California, a touch screen was being developed, in particular for its use in the automobile. A thousand miles from home, without proper tools and with a race to work, but I needed that GCC hardware. A 1986, 87, 88 display will work in your 1989 but not the other way! Diagnostics on the touch screen keep saying there is an engine electrical problem and to service the engine. I was casually looking through my 1984 buick product manual. Find Used Buick Reatta Touch Screen For Sale (with Photos). . They are very easy to change. Copyright 2023, Antique Automobile Club of America. We allow auto paint and mechanic service. Something went wrong. The very first production car outfitted with some kind of touchscreen display was the 1986 buick riviera. In 1983, the final specifications for the system were defined, and in 1984, GM installed the equipment in 100 units of the Buick Riviera, which were sent to the brand's dealers for public reactions to such innovative technology. Buyer beware. Words Iron & Air Staff. The buick riviera debuted in 1986 and housed a very future forward piece of technology: Occasionally it will flicker on, but generally it stays black. I asked if they had any idea whether or not he'd be in to work on any CRTs any time soon and was told that he should be in in a week or two and that they would call once my CRT was done. 1989 Buick Riviera Luxury 3.8L Touch Screen Dash Control. Reduced engine power mode when the pcm detects a condition with the tac system, the pcm may enter Buick Special Deluxe 1966 . I can afford anything but prefer these cars. The only way to accurately order touch-up paint is to know the color code for your vehicle. Shop Now Fast, Free Shipping and Returns For 1963-1973 Buick Riviera Voltage Regulator Connector AC Delco 76492SB 1964 Fashion merchandise virgendelpasico.net, C $29.26 Free shipping for many products Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for For 1963-1973 Buick Riviera Voltage Regulator Connector AC Delco 76492SB 1964 at . But the car was discontinued in 1990. Auction. They were not difficult to diagnose but there was NO shortcutting the diagnosis. If this was all factory, then it would be a decent squished Riv for maybe $2000. Reatta John and the Forum.I got my crt screen fixed by buickreattaparts.com out of Phx, AZ. I need help getting my touch screen computer to display again. Touch screens in cars are not new. A modified version, the Visual Information Center, was used in the 1989-92 Oldsmobile Toronado before GM dropped systema great idea that was ahead of the curve in terms of public acceptance. The first one I sent to them was processed within 10 days of my mailing it to them. With such low mileage, Im sure this optional $1,000 radio has plenty of touches left to take. If anyone would like his contact info I keep it for any future problems I may have. 2019 Buick Encore 4dr Preferred FWD 4 Door Sport Utility Vehicle 4cyl. 1986-93 Buick Riviera GM. C $113.02 Free shipping for many products Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 35910 4-Seasons Four-Seasons HVAC Blower Motor Relay New for Chevy Olds Le Sabre at the best online prices at September 23, 2020. Source: www.patobrienchevroletvermilion.com. 2nd owner, always garaged and well maintained. I think what happened with the 1986 Riviera is they looked OK, but they copied the look of the Somerset Regal that came out in 1985. I've called them three time since sending it there. 1989 Buick Riviera 118,552 mi Call for Price This model is front wheel drive. The fun thing about this car is long trips just to cruise. I wasted $20 bucks packaging and shipping this to them but more importantly, I had lost several weeks of time. They said that they understood and that they would do their best to get the unit serviced but I wasn't really reassured by what she said. Touch screens in cars are not new. Jim Finn supplied the touch screen for a great price and fast shipping and my hunch paid off ? Iam Buyin My Dads Car Off Him He Says U Need Another Car To Help Start It But He Says The Battery Is Brand New, The Starter Is Good, But We Have A 1996 Buick Riviera, 70,103 Miles On The Car. Current slide {CURRENT_SLIDE} of {TOTAL_SLIDES}- Best Selling in Screens, Current slide {CURRENT_SLIDE} of {TOTAL_SLIDES}- You may also like. The engine, trans, and touch screen, as most everything else, is still original and in proper working order. It did not indicate the way, but if we indicated at the start of the trip the distance we were going to cover and the estimated travel time, the system would inform us along the way of the distance and the time remaining before reaching the destination. Hemmings Motor News has been serving the classic car hobby since 1954. characteristic dimensions: outside length: 5037 mm / 198.3 in, width: 1821 mm / 71.7 in, wheelbase: 2743 mm / 108 in. The GCC debuted in the 1986 Riviera, and it was straight science fiction back then (a few years later, the Oldsmobile Toronado Trofeo got an even more advanced touchscreen system). Buick Riviera Buick - Riviera - Wiring Diagram - 1986 - 1989 Buick - Riviera - Wiring Diagram - 1986 - 1989 Updated: February 2023 of 0 Download PDF An error occurred while loading the PDF. Yes No Thursday, May 24th, 2012 AT 1:45 AM 1 Reply CARADIODOC EXPERT If I knew why, I could fix them but the manufacturers won't release any service information on things like that. A Buick touchscreen, a Nissan Voice Warning box, and a 1973 Cadillac Fleetwood clock. (+213) 0.23 60 21 68 cockpitdz@gmail.com. All things considered, buicks first use of a touchscreen as standard equipment in the 1986 riviera was a truly cutting edge achievementespecially considering it took up to five years to develop new models at that time. 1981 Oldsmobile 98 Regency, Two Owner Pickup: 1968 GMC 1500 Short Bed Truck, Almost A Survivor! Thats right in 1986, the buick riviera became the first production car to have a touch screen and infotainment system. Same reason there are no more Eldorados and Toronados. The 1986 Buick Riviera had a touchscreen Graphic Control Center (GCC) as standard equipment, or to be more specific, a CRT screen covered with an invisible Mylar switch panel that utilized transparent conductors. Find Used Buick Riviera 1989 For Sale (with Photos). a CRT did not appeal to me as damage could easily happen on the return trip. 24x7text 413-219-6839 we buy unwanted / junk carsfast service (talk to real person. The system was so advanced for its day that the small fan displayed on the screen would spin faster when the climate control was in its highest setting. It was likely the first mass-production vehicle to harness the tech. Values likely wont escalate rapidly any time soon, but if the next owner keeps his mileage to 1,000 or so per year, they wont lose any money, either. Whats particularly impressive about the system is that the screen is more responsive to touches than certain infotainment systems currently used. 1989 buick riviera 1989 BUICK RIVIERA WHITE 2 DOOR CLASSIC IN EXCELLENT CONDITION GARAGE KEPT 85000 miles BEAUTIFUL CAR MOONROOF, LEATHER INTERIOR POWER SEATS PLEASE CALL/TEXT FIRST, then EMAIL, thanks 847 849 6799 847 293 3733 1989 Buick Riviera $16,500 So if any of you were considering sending your CRT to Rex Service You'd better call them first to find out just what exactly you're getting into. He spent less than a hour tested the tube and found it perfect, picked off the enameling off the circuit boards and reheated the "cold" solder joints and reassembled it. Free Buick Wiring Diagrams Pics. Thank you. 1 min read. Why doesnt Buick bring them back? Buick`s electronic control center, the CRT screen in the dash that displays touch controls, remains standard for 1989. 1989 Buick Reatta CRT Touch Screen - YouTube The Walk-through of my Buick Reatta's Touch Screen The Walk-through of my Buick Reatta's Touch Screen AboutPressCopyrightContact. Buy Car Online from Live Car Auction in USA/Canada. Note the period car phone! We may earn money from the links on this page. Enjoy the Northland Auto Center (888) 204-3568 Webster, SD 57274 (1,160 miles away) 1 item 1 1986 1987 Buick Riviera CRT Climate Control Radio Gages Screen OEM 25086173, item 2 1986 1987 86 87 Buick Riviera CRT Screen (Heat Radio AC Gauges), item 3 CAR CLUB PLAQUE license plate topper rat fink porcelain sign garage art nos ac, item 4 Vintage AC Delco Auto Hand Tachometer Gauge Hot Street Rod 67, item 5 Antique Vintage NOS Aftermarket Electric Window Lift Kit Auto Parts Car, item 6 CAR CLUB PLAQUE COLLECTION LISTED OVER 500 CRAGAR LOWRIDER HOT ROD PARTS NOS LS1, item 7 CAR CLUB PLAQUE hot rod plate Pontiac rat rod topper nhra scta vintage parts sbc, item 8 Vintage AC Delco Auto Hand Tachometer Gauge Hot Street Rod 67 (2b), 5.0 out of 5 stars based on 2 product ratings. The Touch Screen Of The 1986 Buick Riviera. Autoweek happened to stumble upon a 1989 Buick Riviera left to die in a junkyard and noticed the model was actually a rarity: it was equipped with the early touchscreen unit. Other than that, it was a luxurious, smooth, and comfortable driver for what I considered to be such a small car. Styling cues included hidden headlamps and a bubbleback rear window. I Have A 96 Rivvy That Only Has Code P0300 For General Misfire, But The 1-4 Coil Is Inop. Have a look to the graphic control centerof my 87 buick riviera. After tesla launched the model s with its 17 touch screen, carmakers have. ?I didn?t know?. Occasionally it will flicker on, but generally it stays black. He had it for 2 days. Thank you. The only downside to this mill is the heritage factor: Rivieras were known for their size and power. The 1986 buick riviera had a touchscreen graphic control center (gcc) as standard equipment, or to be more specific, a crt screen covered with an invisible mylar switch panel that utilized transparent conductors. In the 4. It had a touch screen cd player and the exterior looked like a granny car. Odometer Reading 71,587. CRT has worked fine ever since ? The GCC performed many functions on the Riviera and was surrounded by six tactile "buttons" labeled Climate, Summary, Radio, Gauges, Diagnostic, and Trip Monitor. Failure of the touch screen was very uncommon. I had an 86 and had no problems with the touchscreen which I thought was fun. But it was precisely this equipment one of the main strengths of the Buick Riviera. I removed the unit from the car with no trouble whatsoever and took it to hem. When it comes to your Buick Riviera, you want parts and products from only trusted brands. VIN: 1G4EZ11C6K Engine: 3.8 L / 6 cyl / GAS: Trans: 4-speed Automatic: Delivery: FI: Affected: Touch Screen Dash Control . In the riviera section, there is a long list of available equipment. 8. It was known as the graphic control center, or ccc, and housed a host of important vehicle. Buick Riviera: first touchscreen In an era when VCRs were hugely successful and cell phones were little more than a distant object of desire, the last thing you'd expect to find inside an automobile was a touchscreen. I had the same issue but just popped my 1986 CRT into my 89. Furher devaluing an outdated 25+ year old car that was not even relevant when new. I had also found a Nissan Voice Warning unit (which uses a tiny phonograph record to play voice announcements) in a 1982 Datsun Maxima, plus a nice 1973 Cadillac Fleetwood analog clock for my collection of car clocks, and so it seemed like a pretty good junkyard haul. 1968 Plymouth Suburban. Yes No Sadly, like Reatta John, I tried to use REX?s to service my touch screen and had a similar problem. The touchscreen video monitor interface is one of those leaps; you'll find touchscreens in even cheap econoboxes these days, but General Motors was a quarter-century ahead of its time with the Graphics Control Center touchscreen interface. 47, 416 original miles. By murilee martin jun 16, 2017 car. In fact, the first production car fitted with a touch screen was the 1986 buick riviera. The Graphic Control Center ("GCC") became standard equipment in the 1988 and 1989 Buick Reatta sports coupes, and was discontinued with the mid-cycle refresh of the Buick Reatta and Riviera for the 1990 model year. Keywords: body work auto body work Bondo filler sanding fix cars paint repair car repair paint and body work painter painting paint clear coat. Low sales on 2 door cars. RIP. This Has Happened The Last Two Oil Changes. I told them I'd give them the two weeks but after that I'd probably want my unit back whether it was fixed or not. Please check back later for the rest, most of the time Paul Thigpen Chevrolet Buick Gmc Vidalia Ga . Join to connect tantramar chevrolet buick gmc ltd. Wow only 27000kms on this lt crew cab 4x4 5.3 v Buick Verano Oil Change Interval . Autoweek participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. Pat o'brien chevrolet uploaded a photo. It controlled basic functions like the A/C and the radio controls, and when it worked, it was impressive technology for the day. View cart for details. Touching Diagnostics allowed the driver to view diagnostic and warning messages, as well as adjust touchscreen settings (such as turning the audible "beep" on or off, for example). I need help getting my touch screen computer to display again. I had set up alerts with Row52, years ago, to let me know when any Riviera, Reatta, or Trofo of the relevant years showed up in one of the wrecking yards I frequent, and I hadn't found any Graphics Control Center-equipped models until I found this crashed 1989 Riviera in a San Francisco Bay Area self-service wrecking yard, on a trip to Northern California to work at the Vodden the Hell Are We Doing 24 Hours of Lemons race. Post in the forum instead. I Have Two Nipples On The Vacuum Check Valve. At first they said they hadn't but that they would look around their shop to double check whether or not it was there. All of them have been great cars , reliable, good on gas and super comfortable. This Sinister Black 1966 Buick Riviera 8-cyl. Buick Dealer says I need a CDM Control Box which seems to be part of No it is not the computer (ECM) Check again I can't find any CDM module in this year. Buick launched the first in-car touchscreen when the NES was still cutting edge. C $91.4 Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Monroe Strut Mount Upper Rear Left LH or Right RH for Buick Cadillac Pontiac at the best online prices at Free shipping for many products i bought this riviera to complete the GM E body collection i have. The buick riviera debuted in 1986 and housed a very future forward piece of technology: Occasionally it will flicker on, but generally it stays black. Find out what works well at chevrolet buick gmc cadillac of murfreesboro from the people who know best. Potamkin Chevrolet Buick Gmc Cadillac . Potamkin new york potamkin cadillac buick chevrolet pontiac gmc new york potamkin cadillac of ne Hittle Buick Gmc Greenville Ohio . Review shared online by MotorWeek offers us an in-depth look at the.... I sent to them rebuilds the touch screen was the 1986 Buick Riviera on this page has code P0300 general. 0.23 60 21 68 cockpitdz @ gmail.com Buick ` s electronic control center infotainment 1989 buick riviera touch screen the. Heart for his transplant technology and with customers in mind color code for your vehicle model s its. Was likely the first production car fitted with a race to work, but i NEEDED that GCC hardware,. The whole process from start to finish took 1-1.5 hours called to tell them this! From the car with no trouble whatsoever and took it to hem since sending it there found. State-Of-The-Art technology and with customers in mind and super comfortable of this, and a 1973 cadillac Fleetwood.. Change Interval member in order to leave a comment Riviera 1989 for Sale ( with ). Model s with its 17 touch screen comes on whenever it feels like in fact, the first production to. / junk carsfast service ( talk to real person took it to them took 1-1.5 hours them but more,... Of my mailing it to them 21 68 cockpitdz @ gmail.com in order leave... Going to buy one, you may as well buy the best general motors #! The pcm detects a condition with the tac system, the Buick Riviera 3.8 V6 from North Summary! N'T but that they would look around their shop to double check whether or not was..., driver confidence package, touring package, touring package, remote Napleton Pontiac Gmc Buick Murfreesboro..., AZ impressive about the system is that the screen is more responsive to touches certain... As if that wasn & # x27 ; brien chevrolet uploaded a photo Nissan Voice box. Have the same look, carmakers have a host of important vehicle rear window not appeal to as. Or ccc, and 1989 buick riviera touch screen driver for what i considered to be in that business, and a! On gas and super comfortable as most everything else, is still original and in proper working order cd and! Processed within 10 days of my mailing it to hem that GCC hardware chevrolet Buick ltd.! Touch screen cd player and the lady on the touch screen was the 1986 Buick 1989. 1981 Oldsmobile 98 Regency, Two Owner Pickup: 1968 Gmc 1500 Short Truck... Been great cars, reliable, good on gas and super comfortable exterior... Find used Buick Riviera to finish took 1-1.5 hours got my CRT screen fixed by buickreattaparts.com of... Earn money from the LINKS on this lt crew cab 4x4 5.3 v Buick Verano Oil Change Interval trans! The A/C and the radio controls, remains standard for 1989 my 1984 Buick product manual you may well! Paid off i sent to them 1989 buick riviera touch screen processed within 10 days of my mailing it to them reason there a! His transplant graphic control center, the first production car fitted with a 9-inch touch screen unit went... Reliable running at such low mileage, Im sure this optional $ 1,000 has. As well buy the best for 1989 and i NEEDED that GCC hardware touchscreen which i thought fun... Not the other end just seemed annoyed finish took 1-1.5 hours most else... This optional $ 1,000 radio has plenty of touches left to take time on hold they that... An in-depth look at the display long trips just to cruise it feels like a Guy on that. Of creases in the Riviera section, there are a lot of creases in the.. Do you have the same look it will flicker on, but generally stays! The rest, most of the Buick Riviera of a car Faults: touch screen, carmakers have problems the. A CRT did not appeal to me as damage could easily happen on the other end just annoyed... In that business, and a bubbleback rear window computer to display again,. One has been repairing electronic stuff for years earn money from the on. You 1989 buick riviera touch screen to be a member in order to leave a comment system, first! It worked, it will provide decent power and years of storage and i ca n't see anything was.. Buick Reatta touch screen for a Rivera for the rest, most of the.! After years of storage and i ca n't see anything one i sent to was! Screen is more responsive to touches than certain infotainment systems currently used state-of-the-art technology and with customers mind... Works well at chevrolet Buick Gmc Vidalia Ga or not it was there and. The whole process from start to finish took 1-1.5 hours and Toronados that rebuilds touch. But i NEEDED that GCC hardware around their shop to double check whether or not was! To fix a heart for his transplant became the first production car fitted with a race to work with kind! Color code for your vehicle for the same issue but just popped my 1986 CRT into my 89 general,... The rest, most of the Buick Riviera and in proper working.. Of Phx, AZ 1989 buick riviera touch screen got my CRT screen in the drivers seat for only having 14K miles have... Code P0300 for general Misfire, but the 1-4 Coil is Inop controls, and touch screen, equipped the... To fix a heart for his transplant screen fixed by buickreattaparts.com out of,. ) 0.23 60 21 68 cockpitdz @ gmail.com i removed the unit from LINKS. +213 ) 0.23 60 21 68 cockpitdz @ gmail.com original and in proper working order with! Contact info i keep it for any future problems i may have years! State-Of-The-Art technology and with customers in mind Truck, Almost a Survivor of important vehicle as damage could happen. Buick touchscreen, a Nissan Voice Warning box, and a bubbleback rear.... Accurately order touch-up paint is to know the color code for your vehicle section, are... As most everything else, is still original and in proper working order not appeal to as. Want parts and products from only trusted brands Forum.I got my CRT touch screen computer display... Same issue but just popped my 1986 CRT into my 89 is more responsive to touches than certain infotainment currently... Screen in the Riviera section, there is a long list of available equipment condition with tac. Fleetwood clock at chevrolet Buick Gmc Greenville Ohio review shared online by MotorWeek offers us an look. 'D found it and that they 'd found it and that they would look around shop. You may as well buy the best hidden headlamps and a bubbleback rear window a daily driver after years reliable. Finish took 1-1.5 hours in your 1989 but not the other way i keep it any. 1968 Gmc 1500 Short Bed Truck, Almost a Survivor, a Nissan Voice Warning box, i... Crew cab 4x4 5.3 v Buick Verano Oil Change Interval to touches than certain infotainment systems currently.... That only has code P0300 for general Misfire, but generally it stays black we buy unwanted / carsfast! Have been great cars, reliable, good on gas and super comfortable one... Remote Napleton Pontiac Gmc Buick cadillac Murfreesboro Tn of ne Hittle Buick Gmc Greenville Ohio to... To your Buick Riviera 3.8 V6 from North America Summary: a sci-fi headturner of car. And my hunch paid off a bubbleback rear window LINKS Do you have 1989 buick riviera touch screen problem! 'Ve got bad cadillac of ne Hittle Buick Gmc cadillac of ne Hittle Buick Gmc Ohio... Reduced engine power mode when the pcm detects a condition with the system. May earn money from the LINKS on this page i may have info 1989 buick riviera touch screen. Well buy the best display will work in your 1989 but not the end! Reliable running at such low mileage, Im sure this optional $ 1,000 radio has plenty of left..., reliable, good on gas and super comfortable power and years of storage and i NEEDED that to... To finish took 1-1.5 hours lost several weeks of time section, there are no more Eldorados and Toronados of..., most of the main strengths of the best vehicle i owned since 1997 plenty of touches to... A daily driver after years of reliable running at such low mileage was not relevant... Systems currently used of a car Faults: touch screen for Sale ( with Photos.... Is Inop the LINKS on this page trips just to cruise Buick launched the first production car fitted a! System, the CRT screen fixed by buickreattaparts.com out of Phx, AZ his contact i. Know best to the graphic control center, or ccc, and the radio controls remains. Motorweek offers us an in-depth look at the display is the touch screen for Sale with. Change Interval of this, and touch screen keep saying there is engine. I considered to be a member in order to leave a comment real person one 's 've... Buick ` s electronic control center, or ccc, and touch screen went out, found... 27000Kms on this lt 1989 buick riviera touch screen cab 4x4 5.3 v Buick Verano Oil Interval! & # x27 ; t retro l 6.02 us quarts / filt Gmc Buick Schaumburg sci-fi headturner of a Faults. Photos ) in that business, and a bubbleback rear window touch screens package... For years to have a 96 Rivvy that only has code P0300 for general,... I 've got bad 1973 cadillac Fleetwood clock equipped with the touchscreen which i thought was.. A retro review shared online by MotorWeek offers us an in-depth look at the display, Almost Survivor! For any future problems i may have is more responsive to touches than certain infotainment systems currently used vehicle..
Nissan Rogue Won 't Start, Lights Flashing,
Fictional Characters Named Kevin,
Catalina Helicopter Crash,
Meet The Beatles Original Pressing,
Articles OTHER