The rope connecting his wrists was loose. On May 19, 1955, the day after the FBI lab issued their findings, the Coroner's Jury came to the decision that Rev. Hall is last seen alive, by a person unnamed in the FBIs report, in Block W, which was a white neighborhood. ON April 18, 1932, Kansas was shocked by the lynching of Robert Read, in Rawlins county. The removal of Native peoples was mostly complete by then, and the last of the Indian Territory was converted into the state of Oklahoma in 1907 . Read the back story here. White had already received a letter describing the discovery of Halls body. Cordelia Huffman lived at 52 Chilton Street. An appeal of this redaction was rejected by the FBI earlier this year. His feet, bound with baling wire, were attached by a second rope to three other saplings, and his hands were tied behind him. He was last seen alive on February 12, 1941, in one of the fort's white neighborhoods. Based on the true story, Till follows the aftermath of 14-year-old Emmett Till's (Hall) lynching by white supremacists for whistling at a white woman while visiting cousins in Mississippi. On Feb. 12, he went to work as usual at the sawmill, where he was detailed by the Army, assigned to keep the fire burning. Lee Hill: Wrightsville - Georgia: Feb/7/1903: Thomas Hill: Spring Place - Georgia: Mar/1/1893 . Why was he afraid? Walking further I saw a body hanging from a tree on the embankment.. Inscription on reverse in brown ink: "Lee Hall col, lynched Saturday Feb, 7th 1903 about 11 o'clock P.M." Souvenir postcards , which depicted images of lynching, were mailed around the country. West . The bureau rotated at least half a dozen agents through the Hall case. Walking further I saw a body hanging from a tree on the embankment.. 2Dray Philip, At The Hands of Persons Unknown: Lynching of Black America. Now, the FBI says that all racially motivated crimes are a high priority, though the bureau declined to discuss the specific Hall case. James C. Hodges had a motive to kill Pvt. This reminds us that these horrors took place amidst the beauty of nature and often in clear daylight. In 2009, while viewing an exhibit at the Knoxville Museum of Art called Questions: Does the legacy of racism left behind from slavery and Jim Crow change the way you behave towards others who are different from you today? But nearly a month after Hall vanished, he was declared a deserter. Museums usually present lynching images by displaying the actual postcards. I began to smell the odour of something dead, Pvt. In a telephone interview, she remembered her father as a drunk a man who would beat her and her siblings, then lapse into tears. His skin was peeling away. He seemed happy in the Army and swept up with his social life. The chapters follow Seidule's life, from his upbringing in Alexandria (which he later learned was a major slave-trading hub) and Monroe, Ga. (where a grisly 1946 quadruple lynching remains . At the end of May, Daniels published an article in the Nation criticizing the governments silence regarding Halls death. She now resides in Chicago, IL. My interest in lynching, strangely enough, grew from my interest in Southern arts and crafts. James Fenderson is probably the last living relative who knew Hall. Pvt. Random House, Inc: New York, 2002. Nor is there any evidence that investigators pursued several accounts that Halls white boss at the on-base sawmill had quarrelled with him a day earlier and threatened to kill him. She recalled that she and her older sister had listened through their bedroom wall to their parents as they talked over what they should do. Smith, who died in 1951, was never named as a suspect. Kenneth Thomas grew up with a similar understanding, even though he is from a different branch of the family tree. The term lynch law refers to a self-constituted court that imposes sentence on a person without due process of law. Inscription on reverse in brown ink: "Lee Hall col, lynched Saturday Feb, 7th 1903 about 11 o'clock P.M." Two years before his death. By all accounts, Hall loved those initial months away from home. I said, What do you mean, Mama, Ill get in trouble? , She said, You dont know what happened to Poss. , I said, Lynched? I said, Whats that? . Capt. Now 87, Follett is a retired social worker with short white hair and pale blue eyes. Statesboro Herald. 7 "The Lynching at Alexandria," Black Virginia: The Richmond Planet, 1894-1909, accessed February 11, 2020, There had been a number of reports of Peeping Toms turned in to the Provost Marshals office from this area immediately prior to the murdering of the victim, but none were made after his disappearance, an FBI agent reported. The Civil Rights Movement was a big part of U.S. history in the Early and mid 1900's. Many famous leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Rosa Parks were heard throughout the country changing people's opinions on blacks. Felix Hall was strung up in a jack-knife position in a shallow ravine. I developed Stories Behind the Postcards to cause an emotional shift in the viewer and a thoughtful shift in the conversation around race. Walter White, the executive secretary of the NAACP at the time, was one of the people who received a flier in April 1941 with news about the lynching of Pvt. Felix Hall was a man from Alabama who, at age 19, was lynched, probably by fellow soldiers in Fort Benning, Georgia. Transcribed by lhn; HTML editing by Tod Roberts. Nor is there any evidence that investigators pursued several accounts that Halls white boss at the on-base sawmill had quarreled with him a day earlier and threatened to kill him. The lynchings were among 4,743 reported nationwide during the same period [Lynching, Whites and Negroes, 1882-1968, Tuskegee University.] Hall, a 19-year-old black man from Alabama, had volunteered just a few months earlier. The lynching of Lee Hall, his body hung from a tree, bullet hole in head, ears cut off, discarded cookstove and trash. Addeddate 2016-02-22 18:59:35 Associated-names National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Call number 2085 Camera Canon EOS 5D Mark II Portraits of soldiers in the 24th Infantry Regiment, Company E, before they shipped overseas to fight in the Pacific. Hodges died in 1961. Fort Benning. In short, the accounts provided by the black soldiers who in the Jim Crow South would ordinarily have been afraid to tell a white investigator anything they knew about the hanging of a black man were simply set aside. His neighbor, Mrs. S.S. Thompson, reported at the time that Green had been sitting outside his house with a shotgun, prepared to shoot a colored Peeping Tom who had been disturbing the residents. In his journal, he kept a list of every girl he was sweet on. A month later, in a letter to the War Department, Daniels wrote that the delay in any report on secret hearings about a homicide, lynching, or suicide (whichever it was) seems to me pretty bad. In my paintings, the colors are vibrant. The Newberry Six lynchings took place in Newberry, Alachua County, Florida, on August 18, 1916.. But two paragraphs detailing Hodgess possible motive remain redacted from the investigation report 75 years after they were written. When investigators eventually arrived on the scene and examined his body, hed been suspended in this position, in the woods of Fort Benning, for more than six weeks. Today's news and culture by Black and other reporters in the Black and mainstream media. The lynch mob killings and legal lynching executions served to send notice to African Americans and any potential white allies that any attempt to challenge the . Hall's best friend, Shepherd L. Jackson, and his cousin Adell Peterson are featured in the book, but Hall died before the photos were taken. Over the summer months, members of the public had been writing to the White House, the War Department and Fort Benning demanding that Halls killers be found. admin@abhmuseum.org, Special days closed - Thanksgiving, Christmas Day. Thomass grandfather, the family storyteller and comedian, would turn somber every time he talked about Halls brief life. From the position of the body and the location in which it was found, the FBI report said, it does not appear that one man could have committed the crime.. No other suspects were seriously considered by the FBI, records show. James Fenderson is probably the last living relative who knew Hall. While the investigation file takes note of these different accounts, there is no sign that the FBI pursued the information provided by the black soldiers. When he was a teenager, Hall watched his older cousins enlist in the military and leave town to train for war. Du Bois, Thurgood Marshall, musicians and artists lived and worked in the apartments at 409 Edgecombe. 22, 2021 7:31AM ET / Published Mar. Months after Hall disappeared, the FBI interviewed Sgt. The former 24th Infantry playhouse for black soldiers at Fort Benning. He was a man by the book, she said. No one image could capture or represent all of the loss, anger, disgust, hatred, powerlessness, fight, flight or freedom that comes with this reality. Photo for The Washington Post by Alexa Mills. He was a man by the book, she said. His boss, a white civilian named Henry J. Smith, allegedly threatened to kill Hall and told him not to return to work the next day. They are taking in some horrible scene that we can only imagine. Kevin Lee Updated Mar. Soldiers traipsed through them to frequent bars and pick up prostitutes in an Alabama town just across the Chattahoochee River. Lee Daniels pulls back the curtain on the troubled 1940s jazz singer's simultaneous battles with substance abuse and the federal government in his new film, "The United States vs. Billie . White space takes their place, so that the viewer will focus on the faces of the crowd. He wasnt afraid of anything.. 1 min read. It had a hand-drawn picture of Felix Hall, in uniform, hanging by a noose from a tree. This article is based on the FBI file, a separate War Department report and correspondence, a 500-page file maintained by the Department of Veterans Affairs, and other government records, as well as a range of archival documents and interviews with people who were at Fort Benning at the time of Halls death or otherwise knew him, and their descendants. The Bisbee massacre (a.k.a. At bugle call the next morning, for the first time during his military service, Hall did not report for duty. His cousin James Fenderson was only 6 when Hall died but grew up hearing that Hall had flirted across the color line, which could easily get a black man lynched in the South. The government did not prosecute either Green or Hodges. He turned 19 on Jan. 1. The . Nov. 2, 1877 Owen Wright Russell Dec. 8, 1877 Mark Woodford Clarke April 17, 1878 Ben Evans Madison April 17, 1878 Ephraim Hall Madison Sept. 21, 1878 Daniel McBride Limestone June 15, 1879 Dave . For months after his body was discovered, military authorities told the public that Halls death may have been a suicide, though a military physician who examined the body within two weeks of its recovery ruled it a homicide and put that on Halls death certificate. Thats why I dont come down this way.. Aug. 20, 2021. Above: Portraits of soldiers in the 24th Infantry Regiment, Company E, before they shipped overseas to fight in the Pacific. His feet, bound with baling wire, were attached by a second rope to three other saplings, and his hands were tied behind him. His father, James Hall, and grandmother Sarah Hall received $5,000 from the government and $1,000 from the life insurance company, paid in monthly installments of approximately $30. 4 p.m.: Hall is last seen alive, by a person unnamed in the FBIs report, in Block W, which was a white neighborhood. There is no known photo of Hall taken when he was alive. Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212 USA Robert Templeton, Fort Benning Military Police Detachment, U.S. Army, March 28, 1941. Hall parted ways with his friends because he said he was going to go to the Post Exchange, the only PX for black people. He named his grandmother as the beneficiary. The FBI developed a theory that the two men spent the day drinking at Greens house and captured Hall when he was passing by on his way to the post exchange. His mother died of tuberculosis a week before his third birthday. Leesburg Daily Commercial drops Dilbert comic strip. On Jan. 31 he made his first and only payment, 65 cents, on a life insurance policy. He was assigned to Fort Benning in neighboring Georgia, where he would join the 24th Infantry Regiment, one of the first all-black military units, organized after the Civil War. In an interview, she said she remembered the spring day in 1941 when her stepfather, Army Sgt. Over the summer months, members of the public had been writing to the White House, the War Department and Fort Benning demanding that Halls killers be found. My sister said and she got around the neighbourhood more that the neighbours said they werent supposed to talk about it, Follett said. She wasnt surprised when told during the interview that her father had been a lynching suspect. One week later, he had a routine physical exam at Fort Benning. THE LYNCHING OF WILL BROWN. Hall was 18 years old, 5-foot-8 and 130 pounds when he went to the recruiting station in Montgomery in August 1940 to enlist in the Army. Hall was born on New Years Day 1922 in Millbrook, Ala., a rural town 11 miles north of Montgomery. One of those Black soldiers, 19-year-old Private Felix Hall, was assigned to work at the sawmill located on Fort Benning property. He walks with a cane. Last winter, as part of research for a book about Fort Bennings history, Follett dug into Halls case by ordering old issues of the Columbus Ledger through her local public library. The post exchange was within clear sight of the sawmill, but Hall never made it. Marvin J. Coyle, who as provost marshal was head of the military police at Fort Benning, believed that Hodges had a motive to kill Hall and a reason to commit this crime in the manner in which it was committed, according to the FBI. She holds in her pain. That really stuck in my mind. His feet rest on the dirt that he dug out of a ravine wall in an effort to release the pressure of the noose around his neck. Dorothy Carter, Hodgess eldest living child, was 12 in 1941. His father moved to Montgomery to find work, leaving Hall and his two brothers to be raised by their grandmother, still remembered in the town as a small, well-loved woman full of energy. On one page, he declared his love for Miss Ada Mae. At about 3:45pm he left work with two fellow black soldiers and started walking towards their barracks. Pearl Harbor was still months away. The investigation report, along with War Department correspondence, raises questions about whether federal authorities were serious about finding his killers. The public interprets this silence as indicative of indifference.. Both terms are derived from the name of Charles Lynch (1736-96), a Virginia planter and . Hall went home to Alabama for Christmas in 1940. Postmedia is committed to maintaining a lively but civil forum for discussion and encourage all readers to share their views on our articles. Prepare to bid goodbye to the year's shortest month and welcome in March by partaking in some fun events and activities for the entire family. City Hall will be illuminated in purple, the color of mourning, throughout the weekend. Please try again. But in an interview earlier this year, a retired social worker who grew up on base revealed that her stepfather had found the body of a black man hanging in the same location in the woods in early 1941 and that he had reported it. Now 87, Follett is a retired social worker with short white hair and pale blue eyes. Halls lynching initially prompted a burst of publicity around the country. Visit our Community Guidelines for more information and details on how to adjust your email settings. Back in 1941, the word at Fort Benning was that Hall had his eyes on a white woman and was killed for it. White also began exchanging letters with Jonathan Daniels, who was editor in chief of the Raleigh News & Observer in North Carolina and later served as Roosevelts press secretary. He liked to make conversation with everybody, white or black. Halls family and friends nicknamed him Poss.. When he was a teenager, Hall watched his older cousins enlist in the military and leave town to train for war. According to the accounts of black soldiers, someone had threatened to kill Hall just a day before he vanished: Henry J. Smith, the white civilian foreman at the sawmill. His cousin James Fenderson was only six when Hall died but grew up hearing that Hall had flirted across the colour line, which could easily get a black man lynched in the South. His mandate was to improve race relations in the military. Back in 1941, the word at Fort Benning was that Hall had his eyes on a white woman and was killed for it. Five black soldiers told investigators that Hall had been in a fight with his boss. Felix Hall allegedly had an argument with his boss at the sawmill, where he had been assigned for about one month. Lynching is an act of mob violence which results in the killing or maiming of a person or persons charged with or suspected of a serious crime. Sign up to receive the daily top stories from the National Post, a division of Postmedia Network Inc. A welcome email is on its way. This article is based on the FBI file, a separate War Department report and correspondence, a 500-page file maintained by the Department of Veterans Affairs, and other government records, as well as a range of archival documents and interviews with people who were at Fort Benning at the time of Halls death or otherwise knew him, and their descendants. Then, while he still had breath, he desperately scraped dirt loose from the ravine wall, trying to scoop out enough of the sienna-coloured earth to build up a mound beneath his feet that he could stand on to take the strain from his neck, the FBI would later report. Check out downtown Greeley's Freezy Daze Fest, spend an afternoon outdoors at Windsor's Magical Forest, shop local in Loveland or take part in other events listed in this week's edition of Go+Do for Feb. 25 through March 3. Felix Hall was strung up in a jackknife position in a shallow ravine. Felix Hall earlier that year. I wouldnt doubt it. An appeal of this redaction was rejected by the FBI earlier this year. The rope connecting his wrists was loose. White had already received a letter describing the discovery of Halls body. Scott was also an instructor at Robert Morris Collage, Harold Washington Collage, and Oakton Community Collage. He seemed happy in the Army and swept up with his social life. Hall was known to speak with white people of both genders and all ages, more casually than was considered appropriate at the time, Fenderson recalled in an interview. The 12 shows bowing on Broadway next month---In September after an 18-month shutdown, 16 shows (re)started on Broadway, including long-running favorites The Lion King, Wicked and Hamilton.But the (re)opening party is far from over. Many lynching victims were accused of little more than making "boastful remarks," "insulting a white man," or seeking employment "out of place." Before he was hanged in Fayette, Mo., in 1899, Frank Embree was severely whipped across his legs and back and chest. Hall succeeded in kicking loose his legs and freeing his left hand. Sponsored by American Family Insurance. If you are a Home delivery print subscriber, unlimited online access is. On one page, he declared his love for Miss Ada Mae. Pvt. The official did not say who they were. His skin was peeling away. His father moved to Montgomery to find work, leaving Hall and his two brothers to be raised by their grandmother, still remembered in the town as a small, well-loved woman full of energy. Lee Hall's last words before execution: 'People can learn forgiveness and love'. In short, the accounts provided by the black soldiers who in the Jim Crow South would ordinarily have been afraid to tell a white investigator anything they knew about the hanging of a black man were simply set aside. It had a hand-drawn picture of Felix Hall, in uniform, hanging by a noose from a tree. A Fort Benning physician on April 8 ruled Halls death a homicide. But he denied that he sat outside waiting for one, and he denied having any involvement in Halls death. She lives in Bellingham, Wash., but is an amateur historian of Fort Benning and stays in regular contact with Fort Bennings historic preservation specialist, Ed Howard. The War Department remains silent, Hastie wrote to Stimson. Stemming brutality against black soldiers was only a part of his job at the War Department. A wreath displayed at City Hall in memory of lynching victim Joseph McCoy, pictured in 2021. . Stemming brutality against black soldiers was only a part of his job at the War Department. When investigators eventually arrived on the scene and examined his body, hed been suspended in this position, in the woods of Fort Benning, for more than six weeks. Florence Cotton lived at 742 North McDonough Street, Montgomery. Daniels was white, and a segregationist, but he vigorously opposed lynching and added his voice to those insisting on a sincere investigation into Halls killing. His mother died of tuberculosis a week before his third birthday. Notice the family relationships. By then, Halls company of African Americans had long since shipped overseas to the Pacific and gone to war. In the various reports, correspondence, lab results and photographs that make up this file, there is no record that anyone on base went looking for Hall when he disappeared. On Jan. 31 he made his first and only payment, 65 cents, on a life insurance policy. Updated: Feb 26, 2023 / 09:38 AM EST. Decades after the killing, Halls relatives still talk about his reputation as a bit of a Romeo. Lynching was the widespread occurrence of extrajudicial killings which began in the United States' pre-Civil War South in the 1830s and ended during the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. The mill foreman told an FBI investigator that he didnt know Felix Halls name until after he was found dead. Ms. Scott is affiliated with several organizations in Chicago, including the Chicago Society of Artists, South Shore Cultural Center Creative Artist Association, the Chicago Artist Coalition, and the American Indian Center. Osie Goldsby, Hall had said that he was planning to desert the Army because, an FBI agent wrote, he was afraid of a foreman by the name of SMITH at the saw mill who had threatened to kill him because the victim and other negros at the saw mill had been teasing SMITH.. Banks Lawing later told a board of officers at Fort Benning. There is no record of follow-up questioning of witnesses or any other effort to distill the truth from the conflicting information, no attempt to get to the bottom of what transpired at the mill. None were seasoned agents the youngest investigator was just 24, the eldest 31. Finding Mr. Fenderson: A behind-the-scenes look at the author's search for the family of a murdered African American soldier and the journey it took through Americas troubled past. Fenderson is 80 now and recently survived a stroke, which impairs his speech and balance. The elevator man handed his leaflet to Walter White, the executive secretary of the NAACP. the Bisbee murders or Bisbee raid) occurred in Bisbee, Arizona, on December 8, 1883, when six outlaws who were part of the Cochise County Cowboys robbed a general store.Believing the general store's safe contained a mining payroll of $7,000, they timed the robbery incorrectly and were only able to steal between $800 and $3,000, along with a gold watch and jewelry. But instead of fighting in the Pacific, as his . Jesse Lee Bond was lynched in Arlington,Tennessee on April 28, 1939--in broad daylight, on the town square. Read more about cookies here. Halls family and friends nicknamed him Poss.. HINTON, W. Va., May 11.William Lee was lynched to-night at 11:15 o'clock by a masked mob of over 100 men. A black soldier had written home to his mother the day after it was found. Fenderson is 80 now and recently survived a stroke, which impairs his speech and balance. Lee was still alive when George Armwood was killed by a lynch mob in Princess Anne, MD, with Governor Ritchie signing Lee's death warrant the day after the lynching. As soon as he was through the door, he told her mother that hed found the body of a black man hanging in the woods. His lynching was an inconvenient reminder of violence against black servicemen at a time when the military was working hard to recruit young men of all races for a looming war. FORT BENNING, Ga. Pvt. Hodgess house was along the route Hall took each day, walking between the sawmill and his barracks. First, there must At the end of May, Daniels published an article in the Nation criticizing the governments silence regarding Halls death. Felix Hall was found hanging in a shallow ravine near the . He had two cousins on the base, and his best friend from home, who enlisted the day after he did, slept in a nearby bunk. She moved to Chicago in 1997 and taught printmaking at the Art Institute of Chicago and figure drawing in their Continuing Education Department. Feb. 11, 1941: Felix Hall allegedly had an argument with his boss at the sawmill, where he had been assigned for about one month. Not since April 19, 1920, twelve years before, when Albert Evans was hanged at Mulberry, Crawford county, had there been a lynching in Kansas. Felix Hall, the victim of a violent lynching 75 years ago the FBI never solved and the agency is still redacting documents related to the case Author of the article . My grandfather said Felix was a ladys man, Thomas recounted in an interview. The bureau redacted details from the report before releasing it. The authorities lied about it, and the newspapers remained silent. In 2014, Northeastern University Law Schools Civil Rights and Restorative Justice Project, which seeks to uncover details of racially motivated murders during the Jim Crow era, began digging up documents on Halls case. TAMPA, Fla. (WFLA) A Land O'Lakes man was arrested after he caused a deadly three-vehicle crash that killed a Tampa man early Sunday morning, troopers . On a sunny, balmy afternoon last winter, he walked out to the section of the railroad his elders had long ago taught him to avoid. Yet for the next four months, the War Department and authorities at Fort Benning told the public that they were investigating the possibility that Halls death was a suicide. On November 4, 1933, over two years after the murder of the Davis Family, Euel Lee was executed in Baltimore, MD. Fenderson left Alabama a year later, at 16. Bill Whitaker. Submissions longer than 120 words will be shortened. Both works combine a popular appeal with a textual urge to express the extraordinariness of . Scotts work has also been displayed in Albuquerque and Santa Fe, Up-State New York, Providence, and Minneapolis. I agree with Philip Dray who wrote, Until we understand how pervasive and socially accepted the practice [of lynching] wasand, more important,why this was soit will haunt all efforts at racial reconciliation.2, "Three Generations," "The Impossible" and "My Son, My Grandson". He was assigned to Fort Benning in neighbouring Georgia, where he would join the 24th Infantry Regiment, one of the first all-black military units, organized after the Civil War. We encountered an issue signing you up. As word of Halls death at Fort Benning, Ga., spread across the nation, criticism of the federal governments silence about the killing grew louder. Browse 2,083 lynching stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Inscription on reverse in brown ink: "Lee Hall col, lynched Saturday Feb, 7th 1903 about 11 o'clock P.M." more . Guns N' Roses, Stevie Nicks, Janet Jackson and Wizkid are on sale now. Capt. Explore Our Galleries. When scary things happened, they were hushed up.. Select from premium Bob Slaughter of the highest quality. When asked for a more specific reason, an FBI official said the information was probably redacted because it pertained to individuals who were 100 years old or younger and still thought to be alive, thus protected by the exemption. One week later, he had a routine physical exam at Fort Benning. On the field, Curt Schilling's Hall of Fame case includes 216 wins, three World Series titles and a reputation as one of baseball's top clutch pitchers. Howard W. Gillispie, a World War I veteran, came home after hunting in the woods. Thats why I dont come down this way.. Seventy-five years later, the lynching of a black Army private at U.S. base remains unsolved, Michael Higgins: 'A lot of reason to be afraid,' says censured teacher critical of the woke revolution in classrooms, U.S. border states on alert for wild Canadian 'super pigs' that devour animals and crops, Chinese embassy decries 'baseless' claims Beijing interfered in Canadian elections, Opposition parties plan motion demanding public inquiry on foreign interference, FIRST READING: How China allegedly spent the last 10 years trying to influence Trudeau. Authorities were serious about finding his killers his social life from the report. At 742 north McDonough Street, Montgomery planter and a man by the book, she said of Romeo. April 18, 1916 Company E, before they shipped overseas to Pacific. Volunteered just a lee hall lynching months earlier criticizing the governments silence regarding Halls death a homicide relative who knew.... 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Charles lynch ( 1736-96 ), a Virginia planter and victim Joseph,... Enlist in the military, so that the viewer will focus on the town square overseas to in...
lee hall lynching
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